Construction industry
Main tasks:
- power supply of buildings and structures;
- organization of lighting systems, power outlets, and power lines.
- creation of low‑voltage networks (internet, telephony, video surveillance, fire alarm systems).
- installation of smart home systems.
Cable types:
- power cables: VVG, NYM, VVGng (non‑flammable), VVGng‑LS (low smoke);
- low‑current: UTP, FTP (twisted‑pair), coaxial (for TV), fiber‑optic.
- control: KVVV, KVVGE (for equipment control).
Key requirements:
- compliance with fire safety standards (especially in public buildings);
- resistance to mechanical damage during installation;
- durability (service life — at least 30 years);
- low smoke and gas emissions during combustion (suitable for premises with large numbers of people).
Shipbuilding industry
Features:
- high humidity, salt water, vibrations, rolling.
- limited space, difficult installation;
- increased requirements for fire safety.
Cable types:
- marine power cables: KNR, KNRK, KNRK (oil- and fuel-resistant, with rubber insulation).
- control and signaling: KSRV, KSREV;
- special: for communication, navigation, and mechanism control.
Key requirements:
- water and salt resistance;
- low temperature flexibility;
- oil and gas resistance;
- non‑flammability, low smoke emission;
- resistance to vibration and impact loads.
Energy sector
Tasks:
- the transmission of electricity from power plants to consumers.
- energy distribution in networks with a voltage of 0.4–750 kV.
- connection of substations, transformers, and generators.
Cable types:
- high‑voltage: AABl, APvP, PvPu (up to 500 kV).
- medium-voltage: APvP, APvVng (6–35 kV);
- low-voltage: VVG, AVVG (0.4 kV);
- self‑supporting insulated wires (SSIW) for overhead lines.
- fiber‑optic systems for relay protection and automation.
Key requirements:
- high electrical insulation strength;
- resistance to overloads and short circuits;
- UV resistance (for overhead lines);
- frost and heat resistance;
- reliability during long-term operation.
The cable industry in the nuclear sector
Features:
- radiation, high temperatures, aggressive environments;
- need to work in emergency modes;
- extremely high reliability requirements.
Cable types:
- thermoradiation‑resistant: RKGM, PMTK;
- Fire‑resistant with mineral insulation: KMZh, KMZhV.
- Control cables for control and protection systems.
Key requirements:
- resistance to ionizing radiation;
- performance at high temperatures (up to +900 °C for short periods).
- the absence of the release of toxic substances during a fire;
- long service life (40+ years);
- compliance with the stringent standards of the IAEA and Rostekhnadzor.
Oil and gas industry
Operating conditions:
- explosive zones (oil, gas, vapors);
- aggressive chemical environments;
- extreme temperatures (from −60 to +50 °C);
- underground and underwater laying.
Cable types:
- Oil submersible pumps: KPBK, KPBP (for powering pumps).
- explosion‑proof: VBBShv, VEVG;
- Installation and control: MKESH, KVVG.
- Fiber‑optic for telemetry and control.
Key requirements:
- explosion protection (Ex version);
- resistance to petroleum products, hydrogen sulfide, and salts;
- tightness and moisture protection;
- mechanical strength when laid in the ground;
- work in a wide temperature range.
Railway infrastructure
Tasks:
- power supply for the contact network (3 kV DC, 25 kV AC).
- signaling, centralization, blocking (SCB);
- communication and traffic management;
- lighting of stations and tracks.
Cable types:
- contact wires: MF, BrF;
- signal and blocking systems: SBVG, SBZPu.
- power cables for traction substations: AAShv, APvPu.
- optical components for communication and diagnostic systems.
Key requirements:
- resistance to vibration from passing trains;
- frost resistance (down to −50 °C);
- protection against electromagnetic interference;
- high mechanical strength;
- compliance with Russian Railways standards.
Mechanical engineering
Application:
- connecting machines, robots, and conveyors.
- control and automation systems;
- power supply for motors, sensors, and controllers.
Cable types:
- flexible mounting: KG, KPG;
- shielded for interference protection: KGVEV, MKES;
- high‑temperature: RKGM;
- servo cables for robotics.
Key requirements:
- flexibility and resistance to repeated bending;
- protection against oils, coolants, and acids;
- shielding against electromagnetic interference;
- heat resistance when working near heated components.
Mining industry
Conditions:
- mines, quarries, open‑pit mines — dust, moisture, risk of methane and coal dust explosions.
- heavy mechanical loads;
- underground work in conditions of high humidity.
Cable types:
- mine power units: GRShE, KGESh;
- Flexible options for mobile equipment: KG, KGН.
- control for automation: KVVGz, KVVGEz;
- Mine telephone: TPPep.
Key requirements:
- explosion protection (RV version);
- increased mechanical strength and flexibility;
- resistance to abrasion and crushing;
- low smoke emission and fire resistance;
- Moisture protection and protection against aggressive mine waters.
Cable industry in metallurgy
Features:
- high temperatures near furnaces and rolling mills;
- splashes of molten metal and slag;
- strong electromagnetic fields;
- dust, aggressive gases.
Cable types:
- heat‑resistant: PVKV, RKGM (up to +180 °C), KMZh (up to +900 °C).
- flexible power: KG, KGN;
- control screened: KVVE, MKESh.
Key requirements:
- heat resistance and fire resistance;
- protection from metal splashes and slag;
- resistance to acids, alkalis, and oils;
- shielding from electromagnetic fields;
- flexibility for connecting movable mechanisms.
