Mechanical Engineering

Cables in mechanical engineering are used to transmit electrical energy, control equipment, and transmit data. At production facilities, industrial cables are most commonly used; they are designed to operate in challenging conditions — at high temperatures, under vibration, in the presence of humidity, and under the influence of chemicals and mechanical loads.

Types of cables in mechanical engineering:

• Power cables are designed for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. Depending on the operating conditions, cables with different types of insulation are selected: PVC, cross‑linked polyethylene (XLPE), or ethylene propylene rubber (EPR).
• PVC insulation is used in cables with a rated voltage of up to 1 kV; it has good mechanical strength but is less resistant to high temperatures.
• SPE insulation is used in cables with a voltage of 6 kV and above; it is resistant to high temperatures and has low resistance losses.
• Rubber insulation is suitable for areas where high flexibility and resistance to chemical agents are required; it is often used to power mobile installations.
• Flexible cables are used to connect moving mechanisms: machines, cranes, conveyors. They can withstand constant bending, twisting, and vibrations. Examples:
  • The KG cable is a multi‑core copper conductor with rubber insulation, operating voltage up to 660 V, and a temperature range from −40 °C to +50 °C.
  • The KGtp cable is a modified version of the KG cable, featuring an additional textile braid, increased mechanical strength, and resistance to oils and chemicals; it is designed for more demanding operating conditions.
• Control and signal cables ensure the connection of control and signaling devices at industrial facilities and are widely used in automated control systems (ACS).
• Cables with armor have a protective layer made of steel, copper, or aluminum alloys and are designed for installation in harsh conditions: in the ground, in tunnels, and in mines.

Requirements for cables in mechanical engineering:

• High mechanical strength — the cable must withstand friction, bending, pressure, accidental impacts, and the movement of equipment.
• Resistance to external influences — depending on the production conditions, cables must be resistant to moisture, oils, ultraviolet radiation, temperature fluctuations, and even radiation.
• Fire safety — modern cables are made from materials that do not propagate combustion and release a minimal amount of toxic substances when heated.
• Electrical stability — the cable ensures reliable transmission of energy or signal without losses or interference, even during prolonged operation under load.

When manufacturing and using industrial cables, national and international standards are taken into account. For example, GOST 31996–2012 regulates power cables with plastic insulation, and GOST 31565–2012 establishes fire safety requirements.

Cable selection rules

When selecting a cable for mechanical engineering, it is important to consider not only the rated voltage and cross‑section but also the specific operating conditions.

• For outdoor areas — a cable with enhanced protection against ultraviolet radiation and moisture.
• For underground installation — a cable with additional armor.
• For rooms with high temperatures — a cable with heat‑resistant insulation.

It is recommended to consult with a specialist to select the optimal solution that meets the company’s objectives and current standards.